Students may bring a civil suit against the ______, but not ______ ______.

• A. the institution; individual employees
• B. the institution; the students
• C. the students; the institution
• D. the federal government; students

Answer: (A)

Under Title IX, the party that can be sued in private actions is the school or other recipient of federal funds, not the individual employees. This means a student can bring a civil suit against the institution for discrimination, but typically cannot bring a private Title IX action against individual staff members. The private damages remedy is aimed at holding the recipient responsible for discrimination, especially when the school knew of harassment and failed to act. Suing the federal government or suing fellow students aren’t the typical routes for these private Title IX claims.