Which activities fall under Title IX's scope in a school setting?

• A. Any education program or activity that receives federal funds, including on-campus, virtual/online education, and off-campus programs connected to the school.
• B. On-campus activities funded by the school only.
• C. Programs that involve only athletics.
• D. All activities regardless of funding status.

Answer: (A)

Title IX protections apply to any education program or activity that receives federal financial assistance. That means the law covers a wide range of school activities, not just what happens on campus in a traditional classroom. It also includes online or virtual education and off-campus programs that are connected to the school, as long as federal funds are involved. This broad scope ensures protections extend to programs delivered in different formats and locations when federal funding is part of the equation.

This is why the best answer is that any education program or activity that receives federal funds—including on-campus, online, and off-campus programs connected to the school—falls under Title IX.

The other options are narrower or broader than Title IX actually is: focusing only on on-campus activities funded by the school ignores federally funded programs that may occur online or off-campus; limiting to athletics misses protections for non-athletic programs; and claiming all activities fall under Title IX regardless of funding would overstate the law.