Which items are included in the Hostile Environment component of Title IX?

• A. Quid Pro Quo
• B. Dating violence
• C. All of the above
• D. None of the above

Answer: (C)

Hostile Environment focuses on unwelcome conduct based on sex that is severe or pervasive enough to deny a student equal access to education. Quid Pro Quo harassment involves a demand or expectation of sexual conduct in exchange for educational benefits, which is a form of sexual harassment Title IX prohibits. Dating violence can be a manifestation of sex-based violence that, when it creates a hostile environment, also falls under Title IX protections. Because both behaviors are forms of sex-based harassment that Title IX aims to prevent in an educational setting, they’re both included in the Hostile Environment scope. That’s why “All of the above” is the best answer.